Oportunidad para la detección y manejo precoz de la fragilidad a través del abordaje de las caídas

e202110174

Autores/as

  • Marta Neira Álvarez Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía. Fundación HUIS HHen. San Sebastián de los Reyes. Madrid. España.
  • Irene Bartolomé Martín HospitalUniversitario de Guadalajara. Guadalajara. España.
  • Alfonso González Ramírez Hospital Universitario de Salamanca. Salamanca. España.
  • Giovanna Cristofori Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja. Madrid. España.
  • Bernardo Cedeño Veloz Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Pamplona. España.
  • Mariano Esbri Victor Hospital Universitario Perpetuo Socorro. Albacete. España.
  • Bárbara Pérez Pena Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. Santander. España.
  • María Ángeles Caballero Mora Hospital General Universitario de Ciudad Real. Ciudad Real. España.
  • Ainhoa Esteve Arríen Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor. Madrid. España.
  • Grupo de Estudio de las Caídas de la Sociedad Española de Medicina Geriátrica

Palabras clave:

Caídas, Envejecimiento, Fragilidad, Discapacidad

Resumen

Las caídas son uno de los grandes síndromes geriátricos, con una etiopatogenia multifactorial y con una estrecha relación con la fragilidad, siendo esta relación bidireccional. El Documento de Consenso sobre Prevención de Fragilidad y Caídas aprobado por el Consejo Interterritorial del Sistema Nacional de Salud en 2014, propone un cribado universal de fragilidad y riesgo de caídas, con el objetivo de intervenir en aquellos ancianos de alto riesgo y por tanto prevenir discapacidad. Esta revisión evalúa la relación intrínseca entre caídas y fragilidad, describe las herramientas de valoración del paciente que presenta caídas, incidiendo en aquellos aspectos que detectan fragilidad y finalmente propone intervenciones que han demostrado reducir su impacto.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad. España, año 2014.Documento de consenso sobre prevención de fragilidad y caídas en la persona mayor. Estrategia de Promoción de la Salud y Prevención en el SNS. (https://www.mscbs.gob.es/profesionales/saludPublica/prevPromocion/ Estrategia/Fragilidadycaidas.htm).

Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, etal Group., Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001 Mar;56(3):M146-56. doi: 10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146. PMID: 11253156.

Lu Z, Er Y, Zhan Y, Deng X, Jin Y, Ye P, Duan L.. Association of Frailty Status with Risk of Fall among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: A Nationally Representative Cohort StudyJ Nutr Health Aging 2021;25(8):985-992. doi: 10.1007/s12603-021-1655-x. PMID: 34545918.

Chittrakul J, Siviroj P, Sungkarat S, Sapbamrer R. Physical Frailty and Fall Risk in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Aging Res. 2020 Jul 4;2020:3964973. doi: 10.1155/2020/3964973. PMID: 32714612; PMCID: PMC7355345.

Vermeiren S, Vella-Azzopardi R, Beckwée D, Habbig AK, Scafoglieri A, Jansen B et al. Frailty and the Prediction of Negative Health Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2016 Dec 1;17(12):1163.e1-1163.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.09.010. PMID: 27886869.

GKojima G. Frailty as a Predictor of Future Falls Among Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisJ Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015 Dec;16(12):1027-1033. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.06.018. Epub 2015 Aug 5. PMID: 26255098.

Cheng MH, Chang SF. Frailty as a Risk Factor for Falls Among Community Dwelling People: Evidence From a Meta-Analysis. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2017 Sep;49(5):529-536. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12322. Epub 2017 Jul 29. PMID: 28755453.

Step safely: strategies for preventing and managing falls across the life-course. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Avalaible from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/978924002191-4

Rubenstein LZ. Falls in older people: epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for prevention. Age Ageing. 2006, 35 Suppl 2:ii37-ii41. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afl084. PMID: 16926202.

Bergen G, Stevens MR, Burns ER. Falls and Fall Injuries Among Adults Aged ≥65 Years - United States, 2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016 Sep 23 y 65(37):993-998. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6537a2. PMID:27656914.

Instituto Nacional Estadistica. Defunciones segun causa de muerte. Disponible en https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=7947.

Bischoff-Ferrari HA. The role of falls in fracture prediction. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2011 Sep;9(3):116-121. doi: 10.1007/s11914-011-0059-y. PMID: 21655932.

Esbrí-Víctor M, Huedo-Rodenas I, López-Utiel M, Navarro-López JL, Martínez-Reig M, Serra-Rexach JA et al. Frailty and Fear of Falling: The FISTAC Study. J Frailty Aging. 2017;6(3):136-140. doi: 10.14283/jfa.2017.19. PMID: 28721429.

Panel on Prevention of Falls in Older Persons, American Geriatrics Society and British Geriatrics Society. Summary of the Updated American Geriatrics Society/British Geriatrics Society clinical practice guideline for prevention of falls in older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011 Jan;59(1):148-157. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03234.x. PMID: 21226685.

Shyamala T, Wong SF, Andiappan A, Au Eong KG, Bakshi AB, Boey D, Chong TW et al. Health Promotion Board-Ministry of Health Clinical Practice Guidelines. Falls Prevention among Older Adults Living in the Community. Singapore Med J. 2015 May;56(5):298-300; quiz 301. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2015073. PMID: 26034320; PMCID: PMC4447933.

(NICE), National Institute for health and Care Excellence. Falls in older people: assessing risk and prevention. Published: 12 June 2013. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg161. ISBN: 978-1-4731-0132-6.

Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed “Up & Go”: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991, 39, 142-148. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x.

Guralnik JM, Simonsick EM, Ferrucci L, Glynn RJ, Berkman LF, Blazer DG et al. A short physical performance battery assessing lower extremity function: association with self-reported disability and prediction of mortality and nursing home admission. J Gerontol. 1994 Mar;49(2):M85-94. doi: 10.1093/geronj/49.2.m85. PMID: 8126356.

Studenski S, Perera S, Patel K, Rosano C, Faulkner K, Inzitari M, Brach J et al. Gait speed and survival in older adults. JAMA. 2011 Jan 5;305(1):50-8. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.1923. PMID: 21205966; PMCID: PMC3080184.

Duncan PW, Weiner DK, Chandler J, Studenski S. Functional reach: a new clinical measure of balance. J Gerontol. 1990 Nov;45(6):M192-7. doi: 10.1093/geronj/45.6.m192. PMID: 2229941.

Gillespie LD, Robertson MC, Gillespie WJ, Sherrington C, Gates S, Clemson LM et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Sep 12;2012(9):CD007146. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007146.pub3. PMID: 22972103; PMCID: PMC8095069.

Hopewell S, Adedire O, Copsey BJ, Boniface GJ, Sherrington C, Clemson L et al. Multifactorial and multiple component interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jul 23;7(7):CD012221. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012221.pub2. PMID: 30035305; PMCID: PMC6513234.

Cameron ID, Dyer SM, Panagoda CE, Murray GR, Hill KD, Cumming RG et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people in care facilities and hospitals. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Sep 7;9(9):CD005465. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005465.pub4. PMID: 30191554; PMCID: PMC6148705.

Montero-Odasso M, Speechley M. Falls in Cognitively Impaired Older Adults: Implications for Risk Assessment And Prevention. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2018 Feb;66(2):367-375. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15219. Epub 2018 Jan 10. PMID: 29318592.

Sherrington C, Fairhall NJ, Wallbank GK, Tiedemann A, Michaleff ZA, Howard K et al. Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jan 31;1(1):CD012424. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012424.pub2. PMID: 30703272; PMCID: PMC6360922.

Schoberer D, Breimaier HE. Meta-analysis and GRADE profiles of exercise interventions for falls prevention in long-term care facilities. J Adv Nurs. 2020 Jan;76(1):121-134. doi: 10.1111/jan.14238. Epub 2019 Nov 8. PMID: 31642090; PMCID: PMC6972676.

Kim CO, Lee KR. Preventive effect of protein-energy supplementation on the functional decline of frail older adults with low socioeconomic status: a community-based randomized controlled study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013 Mar;68(3):309-316. doi: 10.1093/gerona/gls167. Epub 2012 Aug 9. PMID: 22879453.

Porter Starr KN, Pieper CF, Orenduff MC, McDonald SR, McClure LB, Zhou R et al. Improved Function With Enhanced Protein Intake per Meal: A Pilot Study of Weight Reduction in Frail, Obese Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Oct;71(10):1369-1375. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glv210. Epub 2016 Jan 18. PMID: 26786203; PMCID: PMC5018561.

Collins J, Longhurst G, Roschel H, Gualano B. Resistance Training and Co-supplementation with Creatine and Protein in Older Subjects with Frailty.J Frailty Aging. 2016;5(2):126-134. doi: 10.14283/jfa.2016.85. PMID: 27224505.

Fernandes AL, Hayashi AP, Jambassi-Filho JC, de Capitani MD, de Santana DA, Gualano B et al. Different protein and derivatives supplementation strategies combined with resistance training in pre-frail and frail elderly: Rationale and protocol for the “Pro-Elderly” Study.Nutr Health. 2017 Dec;23(4):251-260. doi: 10.1177/0260106017737465. PMID: 29214924.

Ng TP, Feng L, Nyunt MS, Feng L, Niti M, Tan BY et al. Nutritional, Physical, Cognitive, and Combination Interventions and Frailty Reversal Among Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Am J Med. 2015 Nov;128(11):1225-1236.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.06.017. Epub 2015 Jul 6. PMID: 26159634.

Strike SC, Carlisle A, Gibson EL, Dyall SC. High Omega-3 Fatty Acid Multinutrient Supplement Benefits Cognition and Mobility in Older Women: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Pilot Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Feb;71(2):236-242. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glv109. Epub 2015 Aug 11. PMID: 26265727; PMCID: PMC4707688.

Lozano-Montoya I, Correa-Pérez A, Abraha I, Soiza RL, Cherubini A, O’Mahony D et al. Nonpharmacological interventions to treat physical frailty and sarcopenia in older patients: a systematic overview - the SENATOR Project ONTOP Series. Clin Interv Aging. 2017 Apr 24;12:721-740. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S132496. PMID: 28490866; PMCID: PMC5413484.

Dent E, Morley JE, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Woodhouse L, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Fried LP, Woo J et al. Physical Frailty: ICFSR International Clinical Practice Guidelines for Identification and Management. J Nutr Health Aging. 2019;23(9):771-787. doi: 10.1007/s12603-019-1273-z. PMID: 31641726; PMCID: PMC6800406.

Halfon M, Phan O, Teta D. Vitamin D: a review on its effects on muscle strength, the risk of fall, and frailty. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:953241. doi: 10.1155/2015/953241. Epub 2015 Apr 27. PMID: 26000306; PMCID: PMC4427016.

Boonen S, McClung MR, Eastell R, El-Hajj Fuleihan G, Barton IP, Delmas P. Safety and efficacy of risedronate in reducing fracture risk in osteoporotic women aged 80 and older: implications for the use of antiresorptive agents in the old and oldest old. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2004 Nov;52(11):1832-1839. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52506.x. PMID: 15507059.

Ambrose AF, Cruz L, Paul G. Falls and Fractures: A systematic approach to screening and prevention.Maturitas. 2015 Sep;82(1):85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.06.035. Epub 2015 Jun 26. PMID: 26255681.

Blain H, Masud T, Dargent-Molina P, Martin FC, Rosendahl E, van der Velde N, et al; EUGMS Falls and Fracture Interest Group; European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO), Osteoporosis Research and Information Group (GRIO), and International osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). A Comprehensive Fracture Prevention Strategy in Older Adults: The European Union Geriatric Medicine Society (EUGMS) Statement. J Nutr Health Aging. 2016;20(6):647-52. doi: 10.1007/s12603-016-0741-y. PMID: 27273355; PMCID: PMC5094892.

Descargas

Publicado

20-10-2021 — Actualizado el 20-10-2021

Versiones

Cómo citar

1.
Neira Álvarez M, Bartolomé Martín I, González Ramírez A, Cristofori G, Cedeño Veloz B, Esbri Victor M, et al. Oportunidad para la detección y manejo precoz de la fragilidad a través del abordaje de las caídas: e202110174. Rev Esp Salud Pública [Internet]. 20 de octubre de 2021 [citado 20 de mayo de 2024];95:16 páginas. Disponible en: https://ojs.sanidad.gob.es/index.php/resp/article/view/451

Número

Sección

Colaboraciones especiales

Categorías