Efectos de la pandemia de la COVID-19 en la salud mental de pacientes con psicopatología previa

e202404033

Autores/as

  • Rosalía Hillers-Rodríguez Centro de Salud Mental San Blas; Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Madrid. España.
  • Adela San Vicente-Cano Centro de Salud Mental San Blas; Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Madrid. España.
  • Laura Portabales-Barreiro Centro de Salud Mental San Blas; Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Madrid. España.
  • Agustín Madoz-Gúrpide Centro de Salud Mental San Blas; Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Madrid. España. / Departamento de Psiquiatría; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria. Madrid. España. / Departamento de Medicina y Especialidades Médicas; Universidad de Alcalá. Madrid. España. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5334-4788

Palabras clave:

COVID-19, Pacientes de salud mental, Depresión, Ansiedad, Estrés emocional

Resumen

FUNDAMENTOS // Numerosos estudios han confirmado que las personas con un diagnóstico psiquiátrico se vieron más afectadas en su salud mental que la población general en una primera fase de la pandemia de la COVID-19. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar los efectos de la pandemia, más de un año después de su inicio, en el estado psíquico de pacientes adultos con psicopatología previa de un Centro de Salud Mental (CSM) en Madrid.
MÉTODOS // Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal en una muestra de cincuenta y ocho pacientes mediante un cuestionario que recogía diferentes variables descriptivas. Se administraron la Escala de Depresión PHQ-9, la Escala de Ansiedad GAD-7, la Escala Revisada de Impacto del Estresor EIE-R, la Escala de Impresión Clínica Global CGI-GI y la valoración de los facultativos responsables de los pacientes sobre el estado clínico de los pacientes. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y se aplicaron modelos de regresión logística binaria.
RESULTADOS // Hubo una prevalencia de 70% de ansiedad, 76% de depresión y 57% de estrés por evento estresante más de un año después de iniciarse la pandemia. Asimismo, se encontró asociación de los síntomas clínicos con determinadas variables clínicas, con variables mediadoras y con el género.
CONCLUSIONES // El estado psíquico de los pacientes con psicopatología previa atendidos en el CSM se ve negativamente afectado por la pandemia de la COVID-19 hasta año y medio después de su inicio.

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Citas

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25-04-2024

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1.
Hillers-Rodríguez R, San Vicente-Cano A, Portabales-Barreiro L, Madoz-Gúrpide A. Efectos de la pandemia de la COVID-19 en la salud mental de pacientes con psicopatología previa: e202404033. Rev Esp Salud Pública [Internet]. 25 de abril de 2024 [citado 8 de mayo de 2024];98:16 páginas. Disponible en: https://ojs.sanidad.gob.es/index.php/resp/article/view/495