Representaciones sociales de la actividad física y el juego activo en preescolares: revisión exploratoria

e202006041

Autores/as

  • Nathalia Andrea Cardona-Triana Universidad del Valle. Facultad de Salud. Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana. Programa Académico de Fisioterapia. Cali. Colombia.
  • Daniela Julieth Fajardo-Ramírez Universidad del Valle. Facultad de Salud. Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana. Programa Académico de Fisioterapia. Cali. Colombia.
  • Nasly L. Hernández Universidad del Valle. Facultad de Salud. Escuela de Rehabilitación Humana. Programa Académico de Fisioterapia. Cali. Colombia.
  • María Eugenia Flórez-López Doctorado Interfacultades en Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá. Colombia. / Programa de Fisioterapia. Facultad de Enfermería y Rehabilitación. Universidad de La Sabana. Chía. Colombia.

Palabras clave:

Ejercicio, Juego, Preescolar, Representaciones sociales, Percepción social

Resumen

Fundamentos: La comprensión de las representaciones sociales de la actividad física y el juego activo en preescolares permite abordar de manera integral su promoción en esta población. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar y sintetizar la evidencia disponible acerca de dichas representaciones en los preescolares.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión exploratoria (scoping review). Se incluyeron en ella 34 artículos en los que se identificaron las características del campo de la representación social (elementos, información y actitud) y se elaboró una metasíntesis con las principales categorías relacionadas con la actividad física y el juego activo.
Resultados: Los padres y maestros fueron determinantes para la actividad física y el juego activo de los preescolares. En principio, estos percibieron a los preescolares “activos” per se. Los adultos tuvieron una percepción negativa frente a la actividad física de los preescolares y esto representó una barrera para la actividad física.
Conclusiones: Un mejor conocimiento de los padres y maestros de las recomendaciones sobre actividad física en los preescolares y de la importancia de su papel como motivadores puede facilitar la participación de ellos en este tipo de actividades, por lo que es necesario incluir dichas recomendaciones en toda intervención encaminada a mejorar la actividad física y el juego activo en la población preescolar. Estos resultados muestran la necesidad de realizar investigaciones sobre las representaciones sociales de la actividad física y el juego activo en los entornos cotidianos de los preescolares, para promover así su práctica en esta población.

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Publicado

02-06-2020

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1.
Cardona-Triana NA, Fajardo-Ramírez DJ, Hernández NL, Flórez-López ME. Representaciones sociales de la actividad física y el juego activo en preescolares: revisión exploratoria: e202006041. Rev Esp Salud Pública [Internet]. 2 de junio de 2020 [citado 15 de noviembre de 2024];94:19 páginas. Disponible en: https://ojs.sanidad.gob.es/index.php/resp/article/view/895

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