Corrections to daily excess mortality estimates in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic

e202104048

Authors

  • Juan Equiza-Goñi Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad de Navarra. Pamplona. España.

Keywords:

Public health surveillance, Coronavirus, Nowcasting, Mortality, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Time series

Abstract

Background: MoMo is a mortality monitoring system that guides public health policy in Spain. The COVID-19 pandemic worsened death notification delays, thus biasing downwards the daily (cumulative) excess mortality estimates produced by MoMo. The goal of this study is to find the best model to correct these estimates for the effect of death notification delays.
Methods: The process followed was: 1) estimates for the excess mortality accumulated in Spain since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic are published daily by MoMo and gathered in this study for the period 15/04/2020-25/05/2020. 2) the intensity of daily revisions is computed as the ratio of the estimate published each day divided by the estimate published the day before. 3) Adjusted excess mortality estimates result from applying to these ratios five different correcting models (a simple arithmetic mean or a weighted average, as well as linear, quadratic and cubic regressions). 4) The performance of these corrected estimates is compared with the definite values using the root mean square error (RMSE).
Results: The intensity of daily revisions for the cumulative excess of deaths fell to 1 (no revision) as the publication date left behind the date of death. The correcting estimates based on polynomial regressions reduced the error with respect to the definite observed values by 18-25%.
Conclusions: To improve the validity of the daily estimates for the cumulative excess of deaths from MoMo, it is recommended to correct the notification delay of deaths using polynomial regression models estimated with data on previous revisions.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Informes Situación de COVID-19 en España - Instituto de Salud Carlos III. www.isciii.es/QueHacemos/Servicios/VigilanciaSaludPublicaRENAVE/EnfermedadesTransmisibles/Paginas/InformesCOVID-19.aspx. Panel online o dashboard: cnecovid.isciii.es/

Barbería E, Grijalba M, Martínez JA, Marcos RA, García V. (2020). Defunciones por COVID-19 en España y estadísticas de mortalidad. Gaceta Sanitaria. 2020 Sep 15.

Cirera L, Segura A, Hernández I. (2020). Defunciones por COVID-19: no están todas las que son y no son todas las que están. Gaceta Sanitaria. 2020 Jul 19.

Informes MoMo 2020 - Instituto de Salud Carlos III.

www.isciii.es/QueHacemos/Servicios/Vigilan-ciaSaludPublicaRENAVE/EnfermedadesTransmisibles/MoMo/Paginas/Informes-MoMo-2020.aspx.

Portal online o dashboard: momo.isciii.es/public/momo/dashboard/momo_dashboard.html#nacional

León-Gómez I, Delgado-Sanz C, Jiménez-Jorge S, Flores V, Simón F, Gómez-Barroso D, Larrauri A, de Mateo Ontañón S. (2015). Exceso de mortalidad relacionado con la gripe en España en el invierno de 2012, Gac Sanit 2015; 29: 258-65.

Informes MoMo 2020 - Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Situación a 25 de mayo de 2020.

Cascón-Porres R, Berzal-Rubio M, Santos-Olalla F. (2020), Estudio del exceso de mortalidad motivado por pandemia de COVID-19, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. www.etsidi.upm.es/Escuela/Noticias/NoticiasETSIDI?id=e402832a20cc1710VgnVCM10000009c7648a_&fmt=detail&prefmt=articulo

Vestergaard LS, Nielsen J, Richter L, Schmid D, Bustos N, Braeye T, Fouillet A. (2020). Excess all-cause mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe–preliminary pooled estimates from the EuroMOMO network, March to April 2020. Eurosurveillance, 25(26), 2001214.

Fouillet A, Pontais I, Caserio-Schönemann C. (2020). Excess all-cause mortality during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in France, March to May 2020. Eurosurveillance, 25(34), 2001485.

Vestergaard LS, Mølbak K. (2020). Timely monitoring of total mortality associated with COVID-19: informing public health and the public. Eurosurveillance, 25(34), 2001591.

Felix-Cardoso J, Vasconcelos H, Rodrigues P, Cruz-Correia R. (2020). Excess mortality during COVID-19 in five European countries and a critique of mortality analysis data. medRxiv.

Alvarez RT, Sanz MPL, Herranz SC, Floristán YF, Lozano MIS, Iribas MCM. (2020). La certificación de la defunción de casos de COVID-19 en España. Revista Española de Medicina Legal. Volume 46, Issue 3, 2020, pages 101-108.

Martin-Fumadó C, Gómez-Durán EL, Barbería-Marcalain E, Arimany-Manso J. (2020). Training, standardization and electronic medical certificate of cause of death. Journal of forensic and legal medicine, 76, 102078

Published

2021-04-07

How to Cite

1.
Equiza-Goñi J. Corrections to daily excess mortality estimates in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic : e202104048. Rev Esp Salud Pública [Internet]. 2021 Apr. 7 [cited 2024 Nov. 16];95:10 páginas. Available from: https://ojs.sanidad.gob.es/index.php/resp/article/view/572