Revisión sobre las mejoras en la comunicación de los pacientes afásicos gracias al uso de aplicaciones digitales
e202006044
Palabras clave:
Afasia, Ictus, Tecnología, Software, Tablet, RehabilitaciónResumen
Fundamentos: El ictus es una interrupción brusca de la circulación cerebral que constituye una urgencia neurológica. La afasia es un trastorno del lenguaje provocado por el ictus, el cual puede afectar a la lectura, la escritura, la comprensión y la expresión de los pacientes. El objetivo del estudio es saber si el uso de las aplicaciones digitales desarrolladas en las tecnologías más recientes como son tabletas, ordenadores y teléfonos móviles pueden ayudar a mejorar la rehabilitación de los pacientes con afasia.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en las principales bases de datos (Pubmed, Scopus y Cinahl) de artículos en inglés y español publicados entre junio y diciembre de 2019 siguiendo la metodología PRISMA.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 62 artículos, en los que se mostró que el uso de las aplicaciones digitales, junto a las terapias tradicionales de rehabilitación, podría mejorar la recuperación de los pacientes afásicos. La mayoría de los estudios tenían un tamaño muestral inferior a cincuenta pacientes, (21,7%) habiendo sólo tres publicaciones que tuvieran un tamaño muestral superior a 150 pacientes (1,86%).
Conclusiones: La revisión muestra que el uso de aplicaciones digitales es una ayuda para la rehabilitación de la afasia en pacientes que han sufrido un ictus, pero son necesarios más estudios debido al bajo tamaño muestral de los que se han realizado, y para comprobar si esas mejorías se mantienen en el tiempo.
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Derechos de autor 2020 Eloy Jesús Ferrete Ruiz, Ana Porcel Gálvez, María de los Reyes De Torres Chacón, Ana Domínguez Mayoral, Soledad Pérez Sánchez, Joan Montaner Villalonga
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