Trichinellosis outbreaks in Aragón (1998-2017)
e201902005
Keywords:
Trichinosis, Outbreaks, Zoonoses, Aragón, SpainAbstract
Background: In Aragon, official veterinary controls to detect the presence of Trichinella in meat products have allowed trichinosis to be a low-incidence disease in the form of outbreaks associated with family consumption of meat products that are not sanitarily controlled. The aim of the work was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the trichinosis outbreaks that occurred in Aragon during the study period and the action measures carried out, which served as a basis for redesigning and strengthening prevention and control measures.
Methods: Descriptive study of the characteristics of time, place, person, food implicated, etiological agent and control measures implemented in the outbreaks identified by the Epidemiological Surveillance Network of Aragón from 01/01/1998 to 31/12/2017. For the descriptive analysis, the mean with its standard deviation and proportions were calculated.
Results: During the study period (from 01/01/1998 until 31/12/2017) there were 7 family outbreaks with 294 exposed, 103 cases (Attack Rate 35%), of which 29 were hospitalized (28.1%). The case fatality rate was 1%. The average age of the cases was 43.3 years (standard deviation 15.9). 70.8% of the cases were male. Outbreaks were concentrated between December and May. Five outbreaks originated after consumption of wild boar. The etiological agent identified in meat and/or biological samples from the cases was Trichinella spiralis in four outbreaks and Trichinella britovi in two other outbreaks, while the agent could not be identified in one outbreak. In all outbreaks, actions were carried out in accordance with the recommendations established by the National Epidemiological Surveillance Network (RENAVE).
Conclusions: Trichinosis in Aragon takes the form of sporadic family outbreaks coinciding with the time of wild boar hunting and home slaughtering of pigs and is associated with the consumption of meat products not controlled sanitarily, so it is necessary to strengthen health education and intersectoral collaboration in the development and implementation of prevention and control strategies.
Downloads
References
Murrell KD PE. Trichinellosis: the zoonosis that won’t go quietly. Int J Parasitol. 2000;30:1339.
Murrell KD BF. Clinical trichinellosis. Prog Clin Parasitol. 1994;4:117-50.
Pozio E. Trichinellosis in the European Union: Epidemiology, Ecology and Economic Impact. Impact Parasitol Today. 1998;14(1):35-8.
Pérez- Martín JE Serrano FJ, Reina D, Mora JA NI. Sylvatic trichinellosis in sauthwestern Spain. J Wild Dis. 2000;Jul; 36(3).
Pozio E, Varese P, Gómez-Morales MA, Croppo GP, Pellicia D BF. Comparison of human trichi- nellosis caused by T. spiralis and T. britovi. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1993;48:568-75.
Gari-Toussaint M, Tieulié N, Baldin JL, Dupouy- Camet J, Delaunay P, Fuzibet JG, Le Fichoux Y, Pozio E MP. Human trichinellosis due to Trichinella britovi in southern France after consumption of frozen wild boar meat. Euro Surveill. 2005;10 (6):117.
Kociecka W. Trichinellosis: human disease, diagnosis and treatment. Vet Parasitol. 2000;93:365.
Vu Thi N, Trung D Do, Litzroth A, Praet N, Nguyen Thu H, Nguyen Thu H, et al. The hidden burden of trichinellosis in Vietnam: A postoutbreak epidemiological study. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:149890. doi: 10.1155/2013/149890.
Faber M, Schink S, Mayer-Scholl A et al. Outbreak of trichinellosis due to wild boar meat and evaluation of the effectiveness of post exposure prophylaxis. Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Jun 15;60(12): e98-e104. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ199. Epub 2015 Mar 13.
Parasites - Trichinellosis [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Atlanta (GA): U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2017 [citado 31 de agosto de 2017]. Disponible en: https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/trichinellosis/.
Boletín Oficial de Aragón. DECRETO 222/96, de 23 de diciembre de 1996, del Gobierno de Aragón, por el que se regula la vigilancia epidemiológica en Aragón. BOA núm 2 de 08-01-1997.
Centro Nacional de Epidemiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Protocolos de la Red Nacional de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Madrid, 2015.
European Union, 2015. Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2015/1375 of10 August 2015 laying down specific rules on official controls for Trichinella inmeat. Off.J. Eur. Union L212, 7-34.
Reglamento (CE) no 2075/2005 de la Comisión, de 5 de diciembre, por el que se establecen normas específicas para los controles oficiales de la presencia de triquinas en la carne.
Real Decreto 640/2006, de 26 de mayo, por el que se regulan determinadas condiciones de aplicación de las disposiciones comunitarias en materia de higiene, de la producción y comercialización de los productos alimenticios.
Murrell KD, Pozio E. Worldwide Occurrence and Impact of Human Trichinellosis, 1986 – 2009. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011;Dec;17(12).
Martín Granado A, Martínez Sánchez EV, Varela Martínez MC, Sánchez Serrano LP, Ordóñez Banegas P, Torres Frías A, et al. Vigilancia epidemiológica de brotes de triquinosis en España. Temporadas 1994/1995 a 2005/2006. Servicio de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Boletín Epidemiológico Semanal 2007;15(4):37-40.
Rodríguez de las Parras E, Rodríguez-Ferrer M, Nieto-Martínez J, Ubeira FM, Gárate-Ormaechea T. Revisión de los brotes de triquinelosis detectados en España durante 1990-2001*. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2004;22:70-6.
Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Internet]. Madrid: Centro Nacional de Epidemiología; Enfermedades de declaración obligatoria - Series temporales; 1996 [actualizado 2016; citado 31 de octubre de 2018]. Recuperado a partir de: http://www.isciii.es/ISCIII/es/.
Ministerio de Sanidad, Política Social e Igualdad. Plan Nacional de Contingencia frente a Triquina. Protocolos de actuación tras la sospecha y /o identificación de triquina en animales domésticos y silvestres destinados al consumo humano o en personas. Madrid. 2011.
Neghina R, Neghina AM, Marincu I II. Reviews on trichinellosis (I): renal involvement. Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011;Feb;8(2):1.
Rostami A, Gamble HR, Dupouy-Camet J, Khazan H, Bruschi F. Meat sources of infection for outbreaks of human trichinellosis. Food Microbiol. 2017;64:65–71.
Franssen F, Swart A, Giessen J Van Der, Havelaar A, Takumi K. Parasite to patient : A quantitative risk model for Trichinella spp . in pork and wild boar meat. Int J Food Microbiol [Internet]. 2017;241:262–75. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.10.029.
Dobrescu C, Hriscu H, Emandi M, Zamfir C, Nemet C. Consumption of untested pork contributed to over two-thousand clinical cases of human trichinellosis in Romania. Folia Parasitol (Praha). 2014;61 [6]: 55.
CAC. Guidelines for the Control of Trichinella spp. in Meat of Suidae. Codex Alimentarius International Food Standards. 2015;CAC/GL 86e2015.
Waits A, Emelyanova A, Oksanen A, Abass K RA. Human infectious diseases and the changing climate in the Arctic. Environ Int [Internet]. 2018;121(September):703–13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.042.
Parkinson AJ, Evengard B, Semenza JC, Ogden N, Børresen, Berner J, et al. Climate change and infectious diseases in the Arctic: establishment of a circumpolar working group. Int. J. Circumpolar Health. 2014;73:25163. doi:10.3402/ijch.v73.25163.
McIntyre KM, Setzkorn C, Hepworth PJ, Morand S, Morse AP, Baylis M. Systematic Assessment of the Climate Sensitivity of Important Human and Domestic Animals Pathogens in Europe. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2017;7(1):7134. Available from: http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-06948-9.
Lindgren E, Andersson Y, Suk JE, Sudre B, Semenza JC. Monitoring EU emerging infectious disease risk due to climate change. Science. 2012;336(6080):418–419. doi: 10.1126/science.1215735.
World Health Organization [sede Web]*. Ginebra: World Health Organization [actualizado abril 2017; acceso 28 de julio de 2017]. One Health; [1 pantalla]. Disponible en: http://www.who.int/features/qa/one-health/en/#.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Alejandra Pérez-Pérez, Joaquín Guimbao Bescós, Ana Delia Cebollada Gracia, Carmen Malo Aznar, Silvia Martínez Cuenca, Amaya Aznar Brieba, María Ángeles Lázaro Belanche, Inmaculada Sanz Lacambra, Cecilia Compés Dea
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Usted es libre de:
Compartir — copiar y redistribuir el material en cualquier medio o formato.
La licenciante no puede revocar estas libertades en tanto usted siga los términos de la licencia.
Bajo los siguientes términos:
Atribución — Usted debe dar crédito de manera adecuada , brindar un enlace a la licencia, e indicar si se han realizado cambios. Puede hacerlo en cualquier forma razonable, pero no de forma tal que sugiera que usted o su uso tienen el apoyo de la licenciante.
NoComercial — Usted no puede hacer uso del material con propósitos comerciales.
SinDerivadas — Si remezcla, transforma o crea a partir del material, no podrá distribuir el material modificado.
No hay restricciones adicionales — No puede aplicar términos legales ni medidas tecnológicas que restrinjan legalmente a otras a hacer cualquier uso permitido por la licencia.
Avisos:
No tiene que cumplir con la licencia para elementos del material en el dominio público o cuando su uso esté permitido por una excepción o limitación aplicable.
No se dan garantías. La licencia podría no darle todos los permisos que necesita para el uso que tenga previsto. Por ejemplo, otros derechos como publicidad, privacidad, o derechos morales pueden limitar la forma en que utilice el material.
