Psychological conditions and their association with glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis (2014-2024)
e202512085
Keywords:
Glycemic control, Type 2 diabetes, Glycated hemoglobin, Psychological phenomenaAbstract
BACKGROUND // Diabetes constitutes a global health emergency, and its management requires the implementation of biopsychosocial models that incorporate psychological conditions, whose impact on glycemic control has not been fully established. The aim of this paper was to describe the evidence on the association between psychological conditions and glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS // A systematic review and meta-analysis of original studies published between 2014 and 2024 was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Eight search strategies were applied across indexed databases. Observational studies (cohort and cross-sectional) that assessed glycemic control using glycated hemoglobin were included. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools and the adapted Cochrane Handbook criteria. Heterogeneity, publication bias, and the pooled effect estimate for glycated hemoglobin were analyzed.
RESULTS // Seventeen original studies addressing twenty psychological conditions were included. Associations were found between glycemic control and social support, self-efficacy, empowerment, diabetes-related emotional distress, perceived stress, and diabetes fatalism. No association was observed with depression or weekly stress.
The random-effects meta-analysis reported heterogeneity and publication bias, with an overall mean glycated hemoglobin level of 7.98 (95% CI: 7.61–8.36).
CONCLUSIONS // Psychological conditions are associated with glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, supporting their integration into comprehensive diabetes care programs.
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