Evolution of COVID-19 at nursing homes from the second wave to vaccination. Description of a coordination program between Primary Care, Geriatrics and Public Health

e202105071

Authors

  • Rocío Menéndez Colino Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid. España. / Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Paz. IdiPAZ. Madrid. España. / Departamento de Medicina. Universidad Autónoma. Madrid. España.
  • Ana Merello de Miguel Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid. España.
  • Francesca Argentina Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid. España.
  • Montserrat Barcons Marqués Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid. España.
  • Blanca Chaparro Jiménez Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid. España.
  • Paloma López Hernández Dirección Asistencial Norte de Atención Primaria. Madrid. España.
  • Susana Jiménez Bueno Servicio de Salud Pública. Área Norte. Madrid. España.
  • María Dolores Montero Vega Servicio de Microbiología del Hospital Universitario la Paz. Madrid. España.
  • Julio García Rodríguez Servicio de Microbiología del Hospital Universitario la Paz. Madrid. España.
  • Bernardo Ferrer Simo Servicio de Salud Pública. Área Norte. Madrid. España.
  • María Ángeles Navarro Fernández Servicio de Salud Pública. Área Norte. Madrid. España.
  • Teresa Rincón del Toro Dirección Asistencial Norte de Atención Primaria. Madrid. España.
  • Teresa Alarcón Alarcón Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid. España. / Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Paz. IdiPAZ. Madrid. España. / Departamento de Medicina. Universidad Autónoma. Madrid. España.
  • Francisco Javier Martínez Peromingo Coordinación Sociosanitaria. Consejería de Sanidad. Madrid. España.
  • Juan Ignacio González-Montalvo Servicio de Geriatría. Hospital Universitario La Paz. Madrid. España. / Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Paz. IdiPAZ. Madrid. España. / Departamento de Medicina. Universidad Autónoma. Madrid. España.

Keywords:

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Nursing homes, Vaccination, Viral pandemic

Abstract

Background: Nursing homes have suffered in a particularly pronounced way from the effects of COVID-19 so it is very convenient to know the evolution in them of the disease and the impact of SARS-CoV2 vaccination The objective of this study was to analyze COVID-19 pandemic evolution from the start of the second wave to the end of the vaccination campaign at the nursing homes. A coordination program between Primary Care and Geriatrics and Public Health services was activated.
Methods: 2,668 seniors were followed at 39 nursing homes. Data from new cases, active cases, mortality and place of treatment of COVID-19 were collected. A descriptive analysis was performed with the measurement of the absolute number of positive SARS-CoV-2 cases and the frequency distribution.
Results: Between August 7th 2020 and February 26th 2021, 30 outbreaks occurred at 21 nursing homes. 300 people tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (11% of total residents). The daily average of active cases was 27,166 were hospitalized (55%). 66 patients died (22% of those infected), 54 of them (78%) at the hospital. 1,984 PCR tests were performed. The temporary profile of new cases did not follow a distribution “in waves” as in the community. Thirty-seven days after the start of the second dose of vaccination, there were no active cases until March 1st, when new cases were under study for possible vaccine leakage.
Conclusions: The incidence of COVID-19 at nursing homes after the first wave of the pandemic has apparently been lower. The transmission in these centers has followed a different distribution than at community. Mass vaccination has achieved the practical disappearance of the disease.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abellán García A, Aceituno Nieto P, Pérez Díaz J, Ramiro Fariñas D, Ayala García A, Pujol Rodríguez R. Un perfil de las personas mayores en España, 2019. Indicadores estadísticos básicos. Madrid, Informes Envejecimiento en red nº 22. http://envejecimiento.csic.es/documentos/documentos/enred-indicadoresbasicos2019.pdf (Accedido el 30 de octubre de 2020).

British Geriatrics Society. Effective healthcare for older people living in care homes. Guidance on commissioning and providing healthcare services across the UK. (Updated 6 december 2016) https://www.bgs.org.uk/resources/effective-healthcare-for-older-people-living-in-care-homes (Accedido el 2 de noviembre de 2020).

Fundación Instituto Edad y Vida. Perfil sanitario de las personas ingresadas en centros residenciales. Barcelona, 2015. https://www.edad-vida.org/publicaciones/perfil-sanitario-de-las-personas-ingresadas-en-centros-residenciales/ (Accedido el 28 de octubre de 2010).

Comas-Herrera A, Zalakaín J, Litwin C, Hsu AT, Lane N and Fernández JL. Mortality associated with COVID-19 outbreaks in care homes: early international evidence. Article in LTCcovid.org, International Long-Term Care Policy Network, CPEC-LSE, 21 May 2020.

Informe del Grupo de Trabajo Covid-19 y Residencias. Secretaría de Estado de Derechos Sociales. Ministerio de Derechos Sociales y Agenda 2030. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiK-ND-q_juAhVEahQKHXhXBhsQFjAAegQIAhAD&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mscbs.gob.es%2Fssi%2Fimserso%2Fdocs%2FGTCOVID_19_RESIDENCIAS.pdf&usg=AOvVaw07uC6lgYwISIPaFhTjCPLA (accedido el 18 de febrero de 2021)

Martínez-Peromingo J, Serra-Rexach JA. Long-Term Care Facilities and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned in Madrid. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2020. Jun 17:10.1111/jgs.16665. doi: 10.1111/jgs.16665

Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología. Papel de la Geriatría en la Coordinación con el medio Residencial. Madrid, 4 de mayo de 2020. https://www.segg.es/actualidad-segg/2020/05/04/documento-segg-papel-geriatria-en-coordinacion-medio-residencial (accedido el 30 de octubre de 2020).

Blain H, Rolland Y, Schols JMGA, Cherubini A, Miot S, O’Neill D et al. August 2020 interim EUGMS guidance to prepare European long-term care facilites for COVID-19 . Eur Geriatr Med. 2020; 11: 899-913. doi: 10.1007/s41999-020-00405-z

González de Villaumbrosia C, Martínez Peromingo J, Ortiz Imedio J, Álvarez de Espejo Montiel T, García-Puente Suárez L, Navas Clemente I et al. Implementation of an Algorithm of Cohort Classification to Prevent the Spread of COVID-19 in Nursing Homes. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21(12):1811-1814. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.10.023

Dirección General de Salud Pública. Dirección General de Coordinación Sociosanitaria. Consejería de Sanidad. Comunidad de Madrid. Procedimiento de diagnóstico, vigilancia y control de casos covid-19 en centros sociosanitarios. Madrid, 5 de agosto de 2020. http://docplayer.es/194418969-Procedimiento-de-diagnostico-vigilancia-y-control-de-casos-covid-19-en-centros-sociosanitarios.html

World Health Organization. Infection prevention and control guidance for long-term care facilities in the context of COVID-19. Interim Guidance, 21 march 2020. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-2019-nCoV-IPC-long-term-care-2020-1 (accedido 21 de marzo de 2020).

Menéndez-Colino R, Argentina F, Merello de Miguel A, Barcons Marqués M, Chaparro Jiménez B, Figueroa Poblete C et al. La Geriatría de Enlace con residencias en la época de la Covid-19. Un nuevo modelo de coordinación llegado para quedarse. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol. 2021 (en prensa).

Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Centro Nacional de Epidemiología. Situación y evolución de la pandemia de COVID-19 en España. Panel COVID-19: Evolución pandemia por Comunidades Autónomas. https://cnecovid.isciii.es/covid19/#ccaa (accedido el 27 de febrero de 2021).

Bielza R, Sanz J, Zambrana F, Arias E, Malmierca E, Portillo L et al. Clinical characteristics, frailty and mortality of residents with COVID-19 in nursing homes of a region of Madrid, Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (2021), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2020.12.003

Mas Romero M, Avendaño Céspedes A, Tabernero Sahuquillo MT, Cortés Zamora EB, Gómez Ballesteros C, Sánchez-Flor Alfaro V et al. COVID-19 outbreak in long-term care facilities from Spain. Many lessons to learn. PLoS One. 2020 Oct 27;15(10):e0241030. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241030

Borobia AM, Carcas AJ, Arnalich F, Álvarez-Sala R, Monserrat-Villatoro J, Quintana M et al. A Cohort of Patients with COVID-19 in a Major Teaching Hospital in Europe. J Clin Med. 2020;9(6):1733. doi: 10.3390/jcm9061733

Pitkala KH. COVID-19 has hit nursing homes hard. Eur Geriatr Med. 2020; 11: 889-891.

Solanki T. Atypical Covid-19 presentations in older people: the need for continued vigilance. BGS Newsletter. 2020; 761: 22-3. https://www.bgs.org.uk/blog/atypical-covid-19-presentations-in-older-people-%E2%80%93-the-need-for-continued-vigilance

Miralles O, Sánchez-Rodríguez D, Marco E, Annweiler C, Baztan A, Betancor E et al. Unmet needs, health policies, and actions during the COVID-19 pandemic: a report from six European countries. Eur Geriatr Med. 2021; 12: 193-204.

Dagan N, Barda N, Kepten E, Miron O, Perchik S, Katz MA et al. BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Mass Vaccination Setting. N Engl J Med. 2021. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2101765. Online ahead of print.

Oficina del Defensor del Pueblo. Separata sobre la atención residencial a las personas mayores. Centros residenciales. Defensor del Pueblo. Informe Anual 2019. Madrid, 2020. https://www.defensordelpueblo.es/informe-anual/informe-anual-2019/ (Accedido el 30 de octubre de 2020).

OECD/EU. Health at a Glance: Europe 2018: State of Health in the EU Cycle. OECD Publishing, Paris, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1787/health_glance_eur-2018-en

Published

2021-05-11

How to Cite

1.
Menéndez Colino R, Merello de Miguel A, Argentina F, Barcons Marqués M, Chaparro Jiménez B, López Hernández P, et al. Evolution of COVID-19 at nursing homes from the second wave to vaccination. Description of a coordination program between Primary Care, Geriatrics and Public Health: e202105071. Rev Esp Salud Pública [Internet]. 2021 May 11 [cited 2025 May 30];95:11 páginas. Available from: https://ojs.sanidad.gob.es/index.php/resp/article/view/560

Most read articles by the same author(s)